Descendants of James Charles Frederick Scutts

№	Individual	Birth		Spouses	Spouse			Death		Age	Occupations
		Date	Place		Date	Place		Date	Place
1	class="fa fa-mars maleJames Charles Frederick Scutts	08/05/1842	Southwark, London (Surrey)	aclass="fa fa-venus femaleElizabeth Anne Turner	10/12/1864	Southwark, Surrey (London)	5	about 06/17/1918	Camberwell, London	possibly 75 years old
				bclass="fa fa-venus femaleWinifred ------		London	1
Generation 1 6
1a.1	class="fa fa-mars maleCharles Henry Scutts	07/24/1865	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleAda Sophia Freshwater	01/02/1893	Camberwell, London - St. Giles	10/11	05/01/1912	Camberwell, London	46 years old
1a.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleGertrude Annie Scutts	02/12/1868	Bermondsey (St James), Kent (London)	class="fa fa-mars maleAlbert Victor Newark	08/08/1891	Camberwell, London - Emmanuel	8	08/16/1950	Hanworth, Middlesex	82 years old
1a.3	class="fa fa-venus femaleArabella Louisa Scutts	06/23/1870	Camberwell (St George), London	class="fa fa-mars maleFrederick Theodorus Harrison	about 12/17/1892	Bermondsey, London - St James	1	02/19/1956	Christchurch, Hampshire	85 years old
1a.4	class="fa fa-venus femaleFlorence Mary Scutts	12/13/1876	Camberwell (St Giles), London	class="fa fa-mars maleGeorge Amner	02/21/1895	Stockwell, London - St. Michael	12	06/30/1961	Bromley, Kent	84 years old
1a.5	class="fa fa-mars maleFrederick James Scutts	12/12/1883	Camberwell, London	aclass="fa fa-venus femaleAnnie Amelia Ghost	about 11/1906	Marylebone district, London	5	09/1960	Newmarket district, Suffolk	76 years old
				bclass="fa fa-venus femaleDaisy Ethel Hoggett	about 1920	Cumberland?/Kent?	2
				cclass="fa fa-venus femaleMiriam Amelia Keemer	about 02/1933	Rochford district, Essex	0
1b.6	class="fa fa-venus femaleAnnie Helena Beatrix ------	about 02/1893	Lambeth, London					about 08/1893	Lambeth, London	possibly 6 months old
Generation 2 44
1a.1.1	class="fa fa-mars maleCharles Scutts	about 08/1893	Greenwich, London					about 08/1893	Greenwich, London
1a.1.2	class="fa fa-mars maleWilliam Charles Frederick Scutts	05/15/1894	Deptford, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleAmy Higgins	about 02/1920	Camberwell district, London	8	about 02/1977	Greenwich district, London	possibly 82 years old
1a.1.3	class="fa fa-venus femaleAlice Ada Maud Scutts	12/01/1895	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-mars malePercy Messervy	about 02/1926	Camberwell, London	0	about 08/1956	Lewisham district, London	possibly 60 years old
1a.1.4	class="fa fa-venus femaleConstance Mabel Scutts	06/08/1898	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-mars maleErnest William J. Druce	about 11/1918	Camberwell district, London	4	07/31/1988	Bexley, Kent	90 years old
1a.1.5	class="fa fa-venus femaleMiriam Rebecca Scutts	about 07/1900	Warwick, Warwickshire					about 02/1902	Southwark district, London	possibly 19 months old
1a.1.6	class="fa fa-venus femaleEmily Eliza Scutts	about 01/1902	Southwark district, London					about 03/1902	Southwark district, London	possibly 2 months old
1a.1.7	class="fa fa-venus femaleMiriam Rebecca Scutts	08/13/1903	Camberwell district, London	class="fa fa-mars maleFrancis William Phinbow	about 05/1926	Camberwell, London	4	1995	Sutton, Surrey	92 years old
1a.1.8	class="fa fa-mars maleFrederick Charles Henry Scutts	04/09/1905	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleGertrude Evaline ------	about 1928	SCOTLAND	2	about 05/1957	Lewisham district, London	possibly 52 years old	(1951) painter & decorater
1a.1.9	class="fa fa-mars maleGeorge Scutts	04/21/1907	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleFlorence Maud Ayres	12/17/1933	Camberwell, London - All Saints Church, Blenheim Grove	1	about 08/1974	Sutton district, Surrey	possibly 67 years old
1a.1.10	class="fa fa-mars maleReginald Alexander Scutts	06/23/1910	Camberwell, London					04/1987	Bromley district, Kent	76 years old
1a.2.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleLillian Ruth Annie Newark	07/10/1889	Brixton, London					10/15/1890		15 months old
1a.2.2	class="fa fa-mars maleAlbert Ernest Victor Newark	about 12/31/1891	Fulham, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleEdith L. Taylor	03/24/1914		0	12/25/1993		possibly 101 years old
1a.2.3	class="fa fa-venus femaleBlanche Irene May Newark	11/18/1894	Stockwell, London	class="fa fa-mars maleWalter Alfred Lee	1916	Lambeth, London	1	01/24/1987	Bedfont, Feltham, Middlesex	92 years old
1a.2.4	class="fa fa-venus femaleDoris Deborah Newark	about 03/27/1898	Brixton, London	class="fa fa-mars maleJohn William Hall	1921	Brixton, London	0	02/03/1970	Bedfont, Feltham, Middlesex	possibly 71 years old
1a.2.5	class="fa fa-mars maleHerbert Stanley Newark	about 05/09/1899	Brixton, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleLilian Taylor			0	10/14/1990	Worthing, West Sussex	possibly 91 years old
1a.2.6	class="fa fa-mars maleSydney Charles Harold Newark	02/07/1903	Brixton, London	aclass="fa fa-venus femaleEdith Annie Sawyer			0	12/1976	Axminster, Devon	73 years old
				bclass="fa fa-venus femaleDoris Penny			0
1a.2.7	class="fa fa-mars maleEdward Clarence Newark	10/10/1906	Brixton, London	aclass="fa fa-venus femaleJoyce Leonora Baxter			0	06/07/1978	Menorca, SPAIN	71 years old
				bclass="fa fa-venus female------ ------			0
1a.2.8	class="fa fa-venus femaleEmily Grace Victoria Newark	°						†
1a.3.1	class="fa fa-mars maleFrederick C. Harrison	10/1893						01/17/1894		3 months old
1a.4.1	class="fa fa-mars maleGeorge Cecil Amner	about 08/1895	Brixton, London					†
1a.4.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleFlorence Irene M. Amner	about 1897	Brixton, London					†
1a.4.3	class="fa fa-venus femaleGladys Hilda Amner	about 02/1899	Hastings, East Sussex					†
1a.4.4	class="fa fa-venus femaleRuby Millicent Amner	10/1900	Brixton, London					†
1a.4.5	class="fa fa-mars maleWalter Henry Amner	11/1902	Camberwell, London					†
1a.4.6	class="fa fa-venus femaleDoris Arabella Amner	about 11/1904	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-mars maleWalter Knell			0	†
1a.4.7	class="fa fa-venus femaleKathleen Amner	°						†
1a.4.8	class="fa fa-venus femaleNora H. Amner	°
1a.4.9	class="fa fa-venus femaleMary V. Amner	11/1912	Camberwell, London					†
1a.4.10	class="fa fa-mars maleRonald William Amner	07/02/1913	Greenwich district, London					12/26/1968		55 years old
1a.4.11	class="fa fa-mars maleCecil Amner	1917
1a.4.12	class="fa fa-venus femaleMaisie E. Amner	05/08/1918
1a.5a.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleViolet Langley Scutts	about 11/1907	Whitstable, Kent	aclass="fa fa-mars maleBertram Whiting	about 11/1925	Hendon district, Middlesex	1	†
				bclass="fa fa-mars maleEric L. Street	about 08/1938	Hammersmith district, London	0
1a.5a.2	class="fa fa-mars maleFrederick James Scutts	about 08/1910	Ulverstone, Cumberland					about 08/1910	Ulverstone, Cumberland
1a.5a.3	class="fa fa-venus femaleMarjorie Olive May Scutts	about 05/1912	Lambeth district, London	aclass="fa fa-mars maleWilliam J. Flack	about 11/1932	Brentford district, Middlesex (London)	2
				bclass="fa fa-mars maleDesmond G. Long	about 02/1950	Stroud district, Gloucestershire	0
1a.5a.4	class="fa fa-mars maleFrederick James Scutts	07/02/1913	Lambeth district, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleMaisie Eugene Amner	about 05/1942	Bromley, Kent	1	06/26/1998	Brandon, Forest Heath, Suffolk	84 years old
1a.5a.5	class="fa fa-venus femaleGrace Verney Scutts	about 02/1915	Fulham, London					about 11/1918	Brentford district, Middlesex (London)	possibly 3 years old
1a.5b.6	class="fa fa-venus femaleMary Winifred Scutts	about 08/1921	Bromley, Kent	class="fa fa-mars maleJan Edward	1944	Dalkeith, SCOTLAND	1
1a.5b.7	class="fa fa-mars maleJohn Charles Scutts	about 11/1922	Bromley, Kent	class="fa fa-venus femaleMira Stanic		YUGOSLAVIA	2
Generation 3 71
1a.1.2.1	class="fa fa-mars maleWilliam Harold Scutts	09/05/1920	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleOlive Grace Mathew	about 11/1941	Camberwell, London	3	04/1985	Tunbridge Wells district, Kent	64 years old
1a.1.2.2	class="fa fa-mars maleCharles Kenneth Scutts	06/30/1922	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleLorna Catherine L. Ramel	about 11/1946	Barton Regis, Gloucestershire	6	about 08/1983	Southwark district, London	possibly 61 years old
1a.1.2.3	class="fa fa-venus femaleMargaret K. Scutts	about 02/1924	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-mars maleHenry J. Hubling	about 08/1948	Camberwell district, London	4
1a.1.2.4	class="fa fa-mars maleBernard Scutts	about 02/1926	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleFlorence Maud Murphy	about 02/1951	Camberwell district, London	0			98 years old
1a.1.2.5	class="fa fa-venus femalePatricia J. Scutts	08/1929	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-mars maleAlbert C. Slatter	about 08/1949	Camberwell, London	3			94 years old
1a.1.2.6	class="fa fa-mars maleHarold Robert Scutts	about 08/1931	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleShirley M. Bateman	about 05/1955	Camberwell, London	2/6	2016	Swindon district, Wiltshire	possibly 85 years old
1a.1.2.7	class="fa fa-mars malePeter Stanley Scutts	about 05/1934	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleJoan P. Elliott	about 02/1956	Camberwell, London	1			90 years old
1a.1.2.8	class="fa fa-venus femaleDoris A. Scutts	about 11/1937	Lambeth district, London	class="fa fa-mars maleDerek S. Taylor	about 08/1956	Camberwell, London	5			86 years old
1a.1.4.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleWinifred G. Druce	about 05/1919	Camberwell district, London
1a.1.4.2	class="fa fa-mars maleErnest F. Druce	about 02/1927	Camberwell district, London	class="fa fa-venus femaleValerie D. Jones	about 05/1953	Sidcup district, Kent	0
1a.1.4.3	class="fa fa-venus femaleConstance M. Druce	about 02/1930	Camberwell district, London							94 years old
1a.1.4.4	class="fa fa-mars maleDavid J. Druce	about 08/1935	Romford district, Essex							88 years old
1a.1.7.1	class="fa fa-mars maleRaymond F. Phinbow	about 08/1927	Camberwell district, London
1a.1.7.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleIvy M. Phinbow	about 11/1928	Camberwell district, London							95 years old
1a.1.7.3	class="fa fa-mars maleDennis R. Phinbow	about 11/1933	Lambeth district, London							90 years old
1a.1.7.4	class="fa fa-mars maleRoger M. Phinbow	about 05/1944	Surrey (Mid east)							80 years old
1a.1.8.1	class="fa fa-mars maleLeonard George Reverend Scutts	12/04/1929	SCOTLAND	class="fa fa-venus femaleJoan Ivy Douglas	08/25/1951	Lewisham district, London	0	11/08/1999	Beckenham, Kent	69 years old
1a.1.8.2	class="fa fa-mars maleRaymond Alan Scutts	about 1936	SCOTLAND	class="fa fa-venus femaleMargaret Ann Harriet Farley	09/14/1957	Bromley, Kent - St Audie's Church	4
1a.1.9.1	class="fa fa-mars maleGeorge Charles Scutts	01/01/1936	Camberwell, London	aclass="fa fa-venus femaleSheila Brock	about 06/1962	Surrey (North West)	2	03/23/2009	Wadebridge district, Cornwall	73 years old
				bclass="fa fa-venus femaleDiane Savell	about 02/1978	Merton district, Surrey	0
1a.2.3.1	class="fa fa-mars maleRonald Lee	1919	London					2000	Isle of Wight	81 years old
1a.5a.1a.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleJoan L. Whiting	about 08/1928	Bromley district, Kent							95 years old
1a.5a.3a.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleDoreen M. Flack	about 08/1934	Willesden district, Middlesex (London)							89 years old
1a.5a.3a.2	class="fa fa-mars maleJohn C. Flack	about 05/1937	Uxbridge district, Middlesex							87 years old
1a.5a.4.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleSusan Scutts	about 05/1946	Bournemouth, Dorset	class="fa fa-mars maleMartin Pluckwell	about 11/1966	Watford district, Hertfordshire	2			78 years old
1a.5b.1.1	class="fa fa-mars maleEdward Edward	1944	St Andrew, Edinburgh	class="fa fa-venus femalePrudence ------			0			80 years old
1a.5b.2.1	class="fa fa-mars maleRenato R. Scutts	about 05/1949	Ealing district, Middlesex/London							75 years old
1a.5b.2.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleDorina I. Scutts	about 05/1955	Ealing district, Middlesex/London							69 years old
Generation 4 103
1a.1.2.1.1	class="fa fa-mars maleAnthony R. Scutts	08/1944	Camberwell, London	aclass="fa fa-venus femaleBeryl B. Sandland	about 02/1966	Lewisham district, London	3			79 years old
				bclass="fa fa-venus femaleJane K. Stocker	about 11/1977	Croydon, Surrey	0
1a.1.2.1.2	class="fa fa-mars maleDavid W. Scutts	about 08/1944	Camberwell, London	aclass="fa fa-venus femaleSheila K. Prigmore	about 11/1966	Lewisham district, London	2			79 years old
				bclass="fa fa-venus femaleLesley A. Green	06/1985	Lewisham district, London	1
1a.1.2.1.3	class="fa fa-venus femaleSally P. Scutts	about 05/1955	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-mars maleMartin P. Webster	about 05/1979	Camberwell district, London	2			69 years old
1a.1.2.2.1	class="fa fa-mars maleMichael R. Scutts	about 11/1947	Barton Regis, Gloucestershire	class="fa fa-venus femaleEllen C. Addiman	about 05/1970	Lewisham district, London	2			76 years old
1a.1.2.2.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleSusan L. Scutts	about 02/1950	Barton Regis, Gloucestershire	class="fa fa-mars maleBernand W. Welling	about 05/1972	Lewisham district, London	2			74 years old
1a.1.2.2.3	class="fa fa-mars maleMalcolm C. Scutts	about 02/1961	Barton Regis, Gloucestershire							63 years old
1a.1.2.2.4	class="fa fa-mars maleMartin F. Scutts	about 02/1961	Barton Regis, Gloucestershire					about 05/1961	Barton Regis, Gloucestershire	possibly 3 months old
1a.1.2.2.5	class="fa fa-venus femaleJeanette Denise Scutts	about 09/01/1964	Deptford district, Kent (London)					07/29/2004	Bromley district, Kent	possibly 39 years old
1a.1.2.2.6	class="fa fa-venus femaleJoannah Patricia Scutts	10/1966	Lewisham district, London							57 years old
1a.1.2.3.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleMargaret J. Hubling	about 08/1949	Lambeth district, London							74 years old
1a.1.2.3.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleMarian P. Hubling	about 02/1952	Lambeth district, London							72 years old
1a.1.2.3.3	class="fa fa-mars maleDavid J. Hubling	about 02/1954	Lambeth district, London							70 years old
1a.1.2.3.4	class="fa fa-venus femaleKathryn A. Hubling	about 05/1958	Lambeth district, London							66 years old
1a.1.2.5.1	class="fa fa-mars maleKenneth C. Slatter	about 05/1952	Lambeth district, London							72 years old
1a.1.2.5.2	class="fa fa-mars maleKevin V. Slatter	about 05/1955	Deptford district, Kent (London)							69 years old
1a.1.2.5.3	class="fa fa-mars maleRobin P. Slatter	05/1957	Camberwell district, London							67 years old
1a.1.2.6.1	class="fa fa-mars malePaul Bernard Scutts	07/1956	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-venus femalePatricia Mary Knapp	about 02/1978	Swindon district, Wiltshire	1			67 years old
1a.1.2.6.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleJanet Margaret Scutts	about 02/1958	Lewisham district, London	aclass="fa fa-mars maleMalcolm W. Goffey	about 08/1980	Camberwell district, London	0			66 years old
				bclass="fa fa-mars maleNoel Philip Spooner	about 1994		1
1a.1.2.7.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleJacqueline A. Scutts	about 02/1957	Camberwell, London	class="fa fa-mars maleBrian E. Harnett	about 02/1978	Thanet district, Kent	2			67 years old
1a.1.2.8.1	class="fa fa-mars maleRobin P Taylor	about 05/1957	Camberwell district, London							67 years old
1a.1.2.8.2	class="fa fa-mars maleStephen A. Taylor	12/1960	Greenwich district, London							63 years old
1a.1.2.8.3	class="fa fa-venus femaleWendy M. Taylor	about 02/1962	Dartford district, Kent							62 years old
1a.1.2.8.4	class="fa fa-mars maleTimothy James Taylor	about 05/1970	Bexley district, Kent							54 years old
1a.1.2.8.5	class="fa fa-venus femaleEmma Patricia Taylor	09/1976	Greenwich district, London							47 years old
1a.1.8.2.1	class="fa fa-mars maleFarley Scutts	about 02/1964	Ashford district, Kent	class="fa fa-venus femaleSuzanne K. Jewiss	about 11/1983	Maidstone district, Kent	2			60 years old
1a.1.8.2.2	class="fa fa-mars maleSean Scutts	about 02/1966	Maidstone district, Kent	aclass="fa fa-venus femaleSally Austin	07/1986	Shepway district, Kent	1			58 years old
				bclass="fa fa-venus femaleMarion A. Turner	04/2005	Kent	0
1a.1.8.2.3	class="fa fa-mars maleDean Scutts	05/1967	Maidstone district, Kent	class="fa fa-venus femaleMarisa L. Hughes	06/1995	Maidstone district, Kent	2			57 years old
1a.1.8.2.4	class="fa fa-venus femaleEmma-Jane Scutts	about 11/1968	Maidstone district, Kent	class="fa fa-mars maleDavid Michael Strank	02/1987	Maidstone district, Kent	3			55 years old
1a.1.9.1a.1	class="fa fa-mars maleAntony P. Scutts	about 02/1964	Surrey (North East)	aclass="fa fa-venus femaleTracy A. Bartlett	09/1987	Merton district, Surrey	2			60 years old
				bclass="fa fa-venus femalePatricia S. D'Souza	07/2003	Portsmouth district, Hampshire	0
1a.1.9.1a.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleJulie A. Scutts	about 08/1965	Merton district, Surrey							58 years old
1a.5a.4.1.1	class="fa fa-mars maleMiles Damian Pluckwell	about 08/1969	Watford district, Hertfordshire							54 years old
1a.5a.4.1.2	class="fa fa-mars maleJames Henry Pluckwell	04/04/1971	Bedford district, Bedfordshire							53 years old
Generation 5 129
1a.1.2.1.1a.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleLisa Jane Scutts	05/02/1968	Lewisham district, London					01/2000	Bromley district, Kent	31 years old
1a.1.2.1.1a.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleJoanna Elizabeth Scutts	about 11/1969	Lewisham district, London							54 years old
1a.1.2.1.1a.3	class="fa fa-venus femaleJenny Louise Scutts	about 11/1971	Lewisham district, London							52 years old
1a.1.2.1.2a.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleSarah Louise Scutts	about 08/1970	Lewisham district, London	class="fa fa-mars maleRitchie Keable	09/1992	Croydon, Surrey	2			53 years old
1a.1.2.1.2a.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleLucy Jane Scutts	about 05/1974	Lewisham district, London							50 years old
1a.1.2.1.2b.3	class="fa fa-mars maleOliver William Scutts	02/1987	Bromley district, Kent							37 years old
1a.1.2.1.3.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleKatie Ann Webster	09/1980	Bromley district, Kent							43 years old
1a.1.2.1.3.2	class="fa fa-mars maleDaniel Marc Webster	about 05/1983	Bromley district, Kent							41 years old
1a.1.2.2.1.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleZoe Scutts	about 08/1972	Greenwich district, London							51 years old
1a.1.2.2.1.2	class="fa fa-mars maleDanny Scutts	08/1976	Lewisham, London - Lewisham Hospital							47 years old
1a.1.2.2.2.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleNina Louise Welling	about 02/1974	Greenwich district, London							50 years old
1a.1.2.2.2.2	class="fa fa-mars maleTodd Charles Welling	about 08/1978	Southwark district, London							45 years old
1a.1.2.6.1.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleSarah Scutts	about 05/1983	Reading & Wokingham district, Berkshire							41 years old
1a.1.2.6.2b.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleCorrina Jane Spooner	°
1a.1.2.7.1.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleJulie Patricia Harnett	about 09/1978	Plymouth district, Devon							45 years old
1a.1.2.7.1.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleClaire Louise Harnett	about 03/1980	Portsmouth district, Hampshire							44 years old
1a.1.8.2.1.1	class="fa fa-mars maleBenjamin Farley Scutts	03/1984	Chatham district, Kent							40 years old
1a.1.8.2.1.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleKatie Jane Scutts	11/1985	Chatham district, Kent							38 years old
1a.1.8.2.2a.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleRebecca Louise Scutts	06/1986	Ashford district, Kent							37 years old
1a.1.8.2.3.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleShannon Mairead Scutts	04/1997	Chatham district, Kent							27 years old
1a.1.8.2.3.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleMegan Tara R. Scutts	12/1999	Medway district, Kent							24 years old
1a.1.8.2.4.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleSara Louise Strank	02/1988	Ashford district, Kent							36 years old
1a.1.8.2.4.2	class="fa fa-mars maleMatthew David Strank	09/1990	Ashford district, Kent							33 years old
1a.1.8.2.4.3	class="fa fa-mars maleJoshua Ethan Strank	09/2003	Kent							20 years old
1a.1.9.1a.1a.1	class="fa fa-mars maleTony Frank G. Scutts	01/1989	Wandsworth district, London							35 years old
1a.1.9.1a.1a.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleJodie Louise Scutts	02/1991	Sutton district, Surrey							33 years old
Generation 6 131
1a.1.2.1.2a.1.1	class="fa fa-venus femaleIssyella Keable	about 03/1999	Bexley district, Kent							25 years old
1a.1.2.1.2a.1.2	class="fa fa-venus femaleGabriella Keable	11/2002	Greenwich district, London							21 years old

Total: 131 descendants (197 individuals with root ancestor, spouses and unknowns).